Publication Ethics

Economic Trends and Business Review (ETBR) is committed to upholding the highest standards of ethical publishing. The journal follows best practices in the publication process to maintain the integrity, quality, and transparency of its content. The following publication ethics outline the responsibilities of authors, editors, and reviewers:

1. Authorship and Originality:

  • Original Work: Authors are required to submit original research that has not been published elsewhere and is not under consideration for publication in another journal. Any previously published work should be properly cited.

  • Authorship Attribution: All individuals who have made significant contributions to the research and writing of the manuscript should be included as co-authors. Authors must ensure that no one who contributed significantly to the work is omitted, and all co-authors must approve the final manuscript submission.

2. Plagiarism and Citation:

  • Plagiarism Prevention: ETBR employs rigorous checks for plagiarism to ensure that submitted manuscripts are free of plagiarism and any form of intellectual property infringement. Authors are expected to properly attribute all sources of data, ideas, and direct quotations.

  • Proper Citation: Authors should cite relevant literature accurately, providing clear acknowledgment of the work of others. Self-plagiarism is not acceptable; if any part of the article is reused from the authors' own previous works, proper citation should be made.

3. Peer Review Process:

  • Confidentiality: Peer review is conducted in a double-blind format to ensure fairness. Reviewers are expected to treat submitted manuscripts as confidential documents and should not share or discuss the manuscript with others unless authorized by the editor.

  • Constructive Feedback: Reviewers are encouraged to provide constructive feedback that supports the improvement of the manuscript. Personal comments about the authors are prohibited.

  • Conflict of Interest: Reviewers must disclose any potential conflicts of interest that could influence their objectivity during the review process. They are not permitted to review manuscripts where they have a direct financial, personal, or professional relationship with the authors.

4. Editor’s Responsibilities:

  • Fair and Objective Evaluation: Editors make publication decisions based on the merit of the manuscript, independent of the authors' personal characteristics, affiliations, or backgrounds.

  • Confidentiality: Editors are expected to maintain confidentiality about submitted manuscripts and not to disclose any information about the manuscripts or their review to unauthorized parties.

  • Handling Conflicts of Interest: Editors must disclose any conflicts of interest that may influence their decision-making process. They must recuse themselves from handling manuscripts where such conflicts exist.

5. Ethical Research Practices:

  • Human and Animal Rights: Authors are required to ensure that any research involving human participants or animals adheres to the ethical standards and guidelines established by relevant regulatory bodies. They must provide ethical approval from an appropriate ethics committee or institutional review board.

  • Data Integrity: Authors must provide accurate and transparent data, avoiding manipulation, selective reporting, or falsification of results. Any errors discovered post-publication should be promptly corrected.

6. Handling Misconduct:

  • Investigation of Misconduct: If any unethical behavior, such as plagiarism, duplicate submission, or data fabrication, is identified, ETBR will conduct a thorough investigation and may take corrective actions, including retraction of the manuscript or article.

  • Retraction Policy: If an article is found to have been published with significant ethical issues (such as plagiarism, falsification of data, or conflicts of interest that were not disclosed), the journal reserves the right to retract the article, ensuring that a clear retraction notice is issued.

7. Complaints and Appeals:

  • Transparency: Authors and reviewers who wish to appeal an editorial decision or have concerns about ethical issues related to publication should contact the editorial board, which will review the case in an impartial and confidential manner.